Cholera cases have surged this year, especially in places of poverty and conflict, with outbreaks reported in 26 countries and fatality rates rising sharply, a World Health Organization official said on Friday. In a typical year, fewer than 20 countries report outbreaks of the disease which is spread by the ingestion of contaminated food or water and can cause acute diarrhoea.

@sanghbarta The current study included 2657 patients (mean age, 74 years; 42% women) with mild to moderate native aortic stenosis selected from the Cleveland Clinic Echocardiography Database from 2008 to 2016 and followed for a median duration of 69 months.

@nabamita The study cohort included 1,560,822 pregnant women with gestational diabetes aged 15-44 years. Among the study participants the mean age was 31 years (standard deviation, 5.5 years) and the majority were White (48%), followed by Hispanic/Latina (27%), Asian/Pacific Islander (13%), and Black (12%). There was a significant increase in the overall frequency of transfusion (8.0%; 95% confidence interval, 3.8%-12.4%), preeclampsia or gestational hypertension (4.2%; 95% CI, 3.3%-5.2%), NICU admission (1.0%; 95% CI, 0.3%-1.7%), and preterm birth at less than 37 weeks (0.9%; 95% CI, 0.3%-1.5%) from 2014 to 2020 for these women and their infants. In addition, there was a significant decrease in the following outcomes: macrosomia (–4.7%; 95% CI, –5.3% to –4.0%), cesarean delivery (–1.4%; 95% CI, –1.7% to –1.1%), primary cesarean delivery (–1.2%; 95% CI, –1.5% to –0.9%), and large for gestational age (–2.3%; 95% CI, –2.8% to –1.8%), but there was no significant differences in maternal ICU admission and small-for-gestational-age infants.

@sanghbarta In earlier work, researchers led by David Fisher, MD, PhD, with the Massachusetts General Hospital (MGH) and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, found that exposure to ultraviolet (UV) rays causes the skin to produce the hormone endorphin, which is chemically related to morphine, heroin, and other opioids. They also observed that UV exposure raises endorphin levels in mice, which leads the animals to display behavior consistent with opioid addiction. In their latest research, they conducted a series of animal and human studies designed to better understand the relationship between vitamin D and UV-seeking and opioid-seeking behavior.

Loneliness is associated with cerebral and cardiovascular diseases, according to recent studies. A study published last month in the journal Neurology, for example, suggests that loneliness is linked to an increased risk for dementia. For this study, the authors retrospectively analyzed data that were collected prospectively from the population-based cohorts in the Framingham study, which was conducted over a 70-year span (1948 through 2018). Loneliness was defined as the feeling of loneliness on 3 or more days in the past week. Out of the 2308 participants (average age, 73 years; 56% women) who had no dementia at the start of the study, 14% (329) developed dementia within 10 years; 6% (144) fulfilled the criterion for loneliness. The calculations indicate a 10-year dementia risk that is more than 50% higher for lonely adults, compared with not-lonely adults (age-, gender-, and education-adjusted hazard ratio, 1.54; 95% CI, 1.06 - 2.24).

@udipta The resistance exercise group performed three sets of eight to 16 repetitions at 50% to 80% of their one-rep maximum on 12 resistance machines: a leg press, chest press, lat pulldown, leg curl, leg extension, biceps curl, triceps pushdown, shoulder press, abdominal crunch, lower back extension, torso rotation, and hip abduction. The combination group did 30 minutes of aerobic exercise at moderate to vigorous intensity, and then two sets of eight to 16 repetitions of resistance exercise on nine machines instead of 12.

The sole COVID-19 monoclonal antibody therapy shown to be effective for patients infected with the Omicron variant - sotrovimab from Vir Biotechnology and GSK - is unlikely to do as well against at least one new version of the variant spreading globally, new research suggests. The World Health Organization is currently monitoring several Omicron sublineages. Data posted on bioRxiv ahead of peer review showed that the rapidly spreading BA.2 sublineage exhibited marked resistance to sotrovimab in lab experiments, researchers said.

Hello, What is skin grafting and which is best for my non healing wound on left shin bone ? Please explain this elaborately as I am very much interested in this topic.

@senjuti The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) lists the possible symptoms of a SARS-CoV-2 infection without specifying a variant. These are:
fever or chills
cough
shortness of breath or difficulty breathing
fatigue
muscle or body aches
headache
new loss of taste or smell
sore throat
congestion or runny nose
nausea or vomiting
diarrhea
However, the CDC notes this list is not exhaustive, and people might experience different symptoms or combinations of symptoms. Furthermore, anecdotal reports on social media and other platforms claim that more specific combinations of symptoms characterize Omicron infections.

@abhipsha Simply stated, the goal of treatment for medication overuse headache is to: Wean you off the overused medication. Develop a plan for using preventive medication. Preventive medications include beta blockers, tricyclic antidepressants, anticonvulsants, calcium channel blockers and NSAIDs. Allow use of acute medication with limits. Treatment of medication overuse headache begins with stopping the overused medication(s) to break the headache cycle. Based on your unique headache history and medication use, your doctor will decide if your medications should be stopped quickly or more gradually over weeks or months.