The neuropeptide oxytocin, which has been shown to reduce anxiety in social situations, enhance the recognition of facial expressions, and shift attention from negative to positive information, may decrease social-threat hypersensitivity in women with borderline personality disorder.

Annual prevalence estimates for mild cognitive impairment (MCI) range from 12% to 18% in persons older than 60 years, a finding reflected in multiple international studies. Among community-dwelling African Americans, the estimated prevalence is 19.2% for those aged 65–74 years, 27.6% for those aged 75–84 years, and 38% for those aged 85 years and older. The prevalence of mild cognitive impairment increases with age. The prevalence is 10% in those aged 70–79 years and 25% in those aged 80–89 years. Many studies indicate that the risk of Alzheimer disease (AD) is significantly higher in women than in men, and it is therefore presumed that the likelihood of developing MCI is greater in women than in men. Virtually nothing is known about cultural and racial factors influencing the clinical manifestations of MCI.

A new blood test for cancer was highly accurate in detecting more than 50 types of cancer, and also identified the tissues where the cancer originated, say researchers. The test (developed by Grail) uses next-generation sequencing to analyze the arrangement of methyl groups on circulating cell-free DNA in a blood sample.

Among patients recently diagnosed with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), those who consume foods high in antioxidant nutrients and carotenoids have better function than those with a poorer diet, according to a new study. "Foods high in antioxidants and carotenes, which are really fruits and vegetables, as well as high-fiber grains, fish, and poultry, all seem to make the disease a bit less severe," said lead study author, Jeri W Nieves, PhD, associate professor of clinical epidemiology, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York City, New York. But contrary to other recent research, the ALS Multicenter Cohort Study of Oxidative Stress (ALSCOSMOS) showed that milk-derived foods appear to have a negative effect on ALS. The analysis was published online October 24 in JAMA Neurology. There's a growing interest in the role of nutrients in ALS, the researchers note. Recent evidence suggests that the ALS risk increases with higher intake of carbohydrates, glutamate, and fat and with lower intake of fruits, vegetables, vitamin E, carotenoids and certain polyunsaturated fatty acids.

A type of ultraviolet light called far-UVC, which is safe to shine on people, could dramatically reduce the transmission of airborne germs when used indoors, according to a new study published in Scientific Reports, a journal by Nature. In an experiment, shining the light for less than 5 minutes reduced the number of airborne microbes by more than 98%, the researchers found. The technology could become a new "hands-off" way to reduce the spread of airborne diseases such as COVID-19 and the flu, they say.

@banani Patients perceive tablet-based screening as more private than in-person screening, according to the study. Because of this perception, patients are more likely to provide more sensitive information in an app, write the authors, who add that medical office staff are often busy, which can lead them to paraphrase screening questions. Use of the app by front desk staff varied from 10.3% to 60.5% across the six practices, according to the study, which largely occurred because of how staff handed the tablet to patients.

Nonoxynol-9 vaginal (OTC) is indicated for prevention of pregnancy; when used with a condom (foam or gel) or diaphragm (gel), efficacy is increased. What is the pharmacology and adverse effect?

@falguni Oatmeal has a variety of biologically active properties, including antioxidant and anti-inflammatory components. These all can help soothe the itch of allergic skin reactions. Popular ways to use oatmeal to treat a skin allergic reaction include an oatmeal bath or poultice. Both require powdered oatmeal. You can make powdered oatmeal by grinding store-bought oatmeal into a fine powder using a blender, food processor, or coffee grinder. Baking soda can address skin pH imbalance and works as an anti-inflammatory to soothe your skin allergy. Natural practitioners recommend a variety of plants to treat skin allergies. Some of these recommended plants include:
Aloe vera: Topical use of the clear gel of the aloe plant may soothe the itch of atopic dermatitis and other skin issues.
Other plants and herbs often suggested by natural health practitioners as skin allergy home remedies include:
basil
chamomile
coriander
English marigold
neem
stinging nettle

@banani It s quite common to feel exhausted after a long day s work. The constant feeling of tiredness not only strains your mental energy but also drains you physically. Although there might be many causes of fatigue, here are some quick fixes to fight against fatigue and revitalize your energy levels. A hot cup of masala chai has the power to pack a powerful punch on your long day s stress and fatigue. Known to be the best natural remedy to uplift your mood and revitalize your mind and body, the tannins present in this beverage are key active compounds that do the task. Apart from acting as a potent stimulant, masala chai renders numerous health benefits. A head massage can do wonders in relieving fatigue and rejuvenating your senses. Just add a few drops of hair oil over your head and slowly start massaging. It increases blood circulation, instils calmness and stillness of the mind.

Hello, my sister's mother in law is 85-year-old. She has a history of hypertension, hyperlipidemia and recently diagnosed GERD. She was taken to hospital with acute onset shortness of breath, epigastric pain and chest pain. The pain was described as sharp and tearing in nature, 8/10 in intensity, and radiating to her back with severe associated shortness of breath. On physical examination, she was found to be hypotensive, tachycardic and in respiratory distress. Prominent bowel sounds were heard in the thoracic cavity. Initial EKG was not suggestive of ST elevation myocardial infarction. Blood work showed lactic acidosis. She was started on intravenous fluid boluses. An emergent CT angiogram of the chest was done to rule out aortic dissection. The CT scan revealed her entire stomach herniating into the thoracic cavity, compressing the heart and lungs. Doctor diagnosed hiatus hernia. She was taken emergently to the operating room and laparoscopic hiatal hernia repair was performed. What is Hiatus hernia? and what is the prognosis? Please comment.