Pathophysiology of Hypertension ?
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The pathogenesis of essential hypertension is multifactorial and highly complex. The kidney is both the contributing and the target organ of the hypertensive processes, and the disease involves the interaction of multiple organ systems and numerous mechanisms of independent or interdependent pathways. Factors that play an important role in the pathogenesis of hypertension include genetics, activation of neurohormonal systems such as the sympathetic nervous system and renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system, obesity, and increased dietary salt intake.
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@hardik The progression of essential hypertension begins with prehypertension in persons aged 10-30 years (by increased cardiac output); then advances to early hypertension in persons aged 20-40 years (in which increased peripheral resistance is prominent); then progresses to established hypertension in persons aged 30-50 years; and finally advances to complicated hypertension in persons aged 40-60 years. Essential hypertension (also called idiopathic hypertension) may be attributed to multiple factors, including genetic predisposition, excess dietary salt intake, and adrenergic tone, that may interact to produce hypertension. Essential hypertension accounts for 90% of human hypertension and can evolve into secondary hypertension, as renal function decreases. Thus, the distinction between primary and secondary forms of hypertension is not always clear in patients who have had uncontrolled hypertension for many years.