Low-Sodium Diet Did Not Cut Clinical Events in Heart Failure Trial
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A low-sodium diet was not associated with a reduction in future clinical events in a new study in ambulatory patients with heart failure. But there was a moderate benefit on quality of life and New York Heart Association (NYHA) functional class. The results of the SODIUM-HF trial were presented today at the American College of Cardiology (ACC) 2022 Scientific Session, conducted virtually and in-person in Washington, DC. They were also simultaneously published online in The Lancet. The study found that a strategy to reduce dietary sodium intake to less than 1500 mg daily was not more effective than usual care in reducing the primary endpoint of risk for hospitalization or emergency department visits due to cardiovascular causes or all-cause death at 12 months.
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@mukund SODIUM-HF was a pragmatic, multinational, open-label, randomized trial conducted in six countries (Australia, Canada, Chile, Colombia, Mexico, and New Zealand), which included 809 patients (median age, 67 years) with chronic heart failure (NYHA functional class II–III) who were receiving optimally tolerated guideline-directed medical treatment. They were randomly assigned to usual care according to local guidelines or a low-sodium diet of less than 100 mmol (<1500 mg/day). Patients with a baseline sodium intake of less than 1500 mg/day were excluded. In the intervention group, patients were asked to follow low-sodium menus developed by dietitians localized to each region. They also received behavioral counseling by trained dietitians or physicians or nurses. Dietary sodium intake was assessed by using a 3-day food record (including 1 weekend day) at baseline, 6 months, and 12 months in both groups and, for the intervention group, also at 3 and 9 months to monitor and support dietary adherence.